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During the first stages of fermentation, kombucha requires oxygen to allow the symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) to consume sugars and excrete alcohol and CO2. During this time, the kombucha needs to be well-ventilated with oxygen. However, during the second fermentation stage, the kombucha develops its carbonation and is kept away from oxygen. […]

The first step in setting up a bioreactor is to choose the appropriate type of bioreactor for your application, followed by preparing the culture media. Then sterilization of the bioreactor components is required. After sterilization, the bioreactor is assembled according to the manufacturer’s instructions and the type of bioreactor. Lastly, various parameters such as temperature,

There are many different types of bioreactors including bubble column bioreactors, continuous stirred tank bioreactors, fluidized bed bioreactors, packed bed bioreactors, and photobioreactors. The most common bioreactors are the stirred tank, airlift, and fixed-bed types.  Bioreactors are essential tools in biotechnology and have revolutionized research in various fields. They are most commonly used in the

pH refers to the level of acidity or alkalinity in meat, and it plays a crucial role in determining the quality of the meat you eat. A proper pH level ensures that the meat is fresh, tender, and juicy. It also helps in preserving the meat for a longer period of time. When the pH

In hydroponics, electrical conductivity (EC) is the measurement of conductance/conductivity within your hydroponic nutrient solution; EC tells you the number of available nutrients in your hydroponic system. Electrical conductivity is measured using an EC meter.  Hydroponics is a rapidly growing field that allows individuals to grow plants without soil, using a nutrient-rich solution instead. However,

Measuring the pH of cheese is an essential step in the cheese-making process. It is important for determining the right time for cutting the curd, controlling the growth of bacteria, ensuring the safety of the cheese, and improving the quality of the cheese. By using a pH meter to measure the pH levels of cheese,

Whether making DIY cheese or working in a commercial cheese factory, testing the pH levels ensures consistent results and a safe end product for sale or personal consumption. The ideal pH for most cheese types ranges between 5.1 and 5.7. To maintain pH levels, a pH meter is used. These are easy to use and

‍Small-scale mushroom farming is the practice of growing mushrooms on a small plot of land, usually in a controlled indoor environment, also known as a grow room. Mushrooms are grown for various purposes, including personal consumption or as a small business venture.  Are you looking for a new hobby that is also productive? Maybe you

Controlling temperature levels when growing mushrooms is essential for a successful harvest. By using a thermometer/temperature sensor, heating pad, cooling fan, or greenhouse, you can achieve the ideal growing conditions for your mushrooms. It is important to monitor the temperature levels regularly and make any necessary adjustments to ensure healthy and thriving mushrooms. Mushroom growing

Mushroom cultivation is a complex process that is affected by various factors. These factors include temperature, pH, light, humidity, carbon dioxide (CO2), moisture, and oxygen.  Mushroom cultivation is the process of growing mushrooms for consumption or medicinal purposes. It involves growing mushrooms in a controlled environment to ensure optimal growth and yield. Mushrooms are a