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Produced water treatment involves a multi-step process that typically includes the initial separation of oil and suspended solids, followed by advanced treatment techniques tailored to the specific composition of the water. Common treatment methods include physical processes like filtration and adsorption, chemical treatments such as oxidation and precipitation, and biological processes harnessing the metabolic capabilities […]

Iron deficiency causes the yellowing of new leaves while veins stay green. To fix this, you can try methods such as applying chelated iron or iron sulfate around the plant base. Ensure soil pH is 6.0-6.5 for optimal iron uptake. Mulch and avoid over-watering. Early detection prevents stunted growth and reduced yields. As a gardener

When drilling and production operations are going on, produced water is the one that is obtained from underground formations with oil and natural gas. It comes from porous rock reservoirs with hydrocarbon resources. Consequently, more of this “formation water” will be produced as time goes by when wells deplete oil and gas. Produced water is

From yellowing leaves and stunted growth to nutrient deficiencies, root damage, wilting, leaf tip burn, and the telltale sign of alkaline soil conditions, these are the seven unmistakable signs that high pH levels are adversely affecting plant health and nutrient uptake, making it crucial to monitor and adjust soil pH for optimal plant growth. Are

To identify nutrient burn (nitrogen toxicity) on a cannabis plant, look for leaves with yellow or brown tips, leaves that curl up, dark green coloration as well as reddish-purple stems. To cure this condition, flush the growth medium (soil or water – hydroponics), trim away rotten foliage, balance nutrition levels, apply plant tonics, and normalize

Identifying magnesium deficiency requires observing particular visual symptoms with the naked eye. In older leaves, the tissue between veins loses its green color and turns yellow while the veins themselves retain a green color, which is known as interveinal chlorosis. In severe cases, entire leaves may turn reddish-purple or develop necrotic spots. Stunted plant growth

Chlorine in drinking water is a topic that often stirs up heated discussions. Chlorine is commonly used as a disinfectant in public water supplies to kill harmful bacteria and other microbes. This safeguards our health from waterborne diseases. However, the downside is that chlorine in drinking water can also have potential health risks if the

Electrical conductivity (EC) and pH are two fundamental properties that are closely related. The relationship between the two is complex, yet typically, as pH increases, the conductivity increases in a solution. This is because an increase in pH leads to an increase in the ion concentration, thus increasing the electrical conductivity.  Electrical conductivity (EC) and

Aquaculture offers numerous advantages, such as ensuring a stable food supply, relieving pressure on wild fish populations, and generating economic activities for communities. However, it also presents challenges like potential environmental pollution, disease outbreaks, and resource allocation issues. Striking a balance between these positives and negatives is crucial in promoting sustainable and responsible aquaculture practices,

Testing soil electrical conductivity can be done by preparing a soil sample and inserting a conductivity probe that is connected to a conductivity meter. The probes measure the conductance or resistance of the soil solution indicating its ability to transmit an electric current, displaying the value on the conductivity meter. Agriculture is a booming industry,