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Ozone is removed from water in three ways: UV radiation, chemicals, and activated carbon. Ozone (O3) is a naturally occurring gas found in the earth’s atmosphere composed of three oxygen atoms joined together. Also, ozone is much more reactive than atmospheric oxygen (O2) as it contains an extra oxygen molecule. Ozone can also combine with […]

Live aquatic plants that absorb nutrients through their roots (root-feeders), require soil to grow and thrive in aquariums, these include ground cover plants, node propagators, and aquarium plants with bulbs.  Aquarium plants not only make a reef aquarium more beautiful, but they are also important in improving water quality (by removing carbon dioxide and supplying

Just like aquatic plants, algae also produce oxygen via photosynthesis. When algae undergo photosynthesis, oxygen is released into the atmosphere as a by-product of the process. This process typically occurs during the day when light exposure is at its greatest.  As Earth is only 29% terrestrial, and with a decline in our forests, it is

Dissolved oxygen refers to the amount of oxygen dissolved in water. When dissolved oxygen levels become too low, aquatic organisms cannot survive, and water quality is affected. The main causes of low dissolved oxygen in water are increases in temperature, decaying organic matter from aquatic plants and algae, and weather changes.  Dissolved oxygen (DO) is

Aquatic plants benefit aquariums by absorbing carbon dioxide (CO2) and ammonia (NH3) that your fish generate, and in return, aquatic plants produce oxygen (O2) that your aquatic fish can utilize for respiration. While pH, temperature, and salinity are all important for fish tanks, dissolved oxygen (DO) is one of the most important properties of water

Dissolved oxygen (DO) is a key component in drinking water. By measuring DO levels in drinking water, it tells water industries the water quality, which is vital for human consumption. Earth contains around 71% of water, making it the most abundant resource on our planet. Unfortunately, not everyone has access to safe drinking water and

Environmental monitoring uses tools that identify and analyze environmental conditions to assess the impact an activity has on the environment. There are five main types of environmental monitoring: air, soil, water, waste, and noise, all of which are vital in providing key information about the environment.  Environmental monitoring is used to observe a particular environment’s

Dosing pumps draw a measured amount of liquid into a dosing chamber, which is then released into the aquarium water using an electric motor (or an air actuator). Most dosing pumps also have a separate controller attached to manage the flow rate and control the power.  The more experienced you become in the aquarium hobbyist

Negative pH is possible, however, whether an acidic solution actually has a negative pH is not something that can easily be determined in a lab, therefore you cannot accurately measure/detect negative pH values with a pH probe.  A pH probe is used to detect the potential hydrogen (pH), which has a usual range from 0-14.

Increasing water movement is the quickest way to increase oxygen (O2) levels in a fish tank, as it allows more O2 to dissolve and carbon dioxide (CO2) to be released. This can be easily done using an air pump, performing large water changes, manually stirring the water, or placing a fan near the aquarium.  Oxygen,